Periodic Table of the Elements: Sulfur


Name: Sulfur
Symbol: S
Atomic Number: 16
Atomic Mass: 32.064
Atomic Volume: 15.38 cc/mol
Discovered By: Known since ancient times
Discovery Date: Known since ancient times
Origin of Name: Sulfur - (Sanskrit) sulvere, (Latin) sulphurium
Toxicity: Not toxic. Dust is harmful on inhalation and produces a disease of the lungs (thiopneumoconiosis). Hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, soluble sulfides, and other compounds are toxic.
Summary: Sulfur has three forms:

  1. alpha - cycloocta-sulfur (S8), amber, rhombic, melting point = 388.36 K, density = 2.02
  2. beta - cycloocta-sulfur (S8), light yellow, monoclinic, melting point = 388.36 K, density = 1.96
  3. gamma - yellow, monoclinic, boiling point = 379.95 K, density = 1.92

Pure element found near volcanoes and hot springs. Sulfur is also known as brimstone.

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